#breBytes Amiga, la «review»

Antes de entrar en materia, quiero destacar que la portada de la Byte de octubre del 86 se la dedicaban al Apple II GS, el ordenador que demostraba que Apple tampoco lo tenía muy claro con el Mac, por aquel entonces, y que no se atrevía a matar del todo la gallina de los huevos de oro que había sido hasta entonces el Apple II, y hacía como Commodore con el 128, intentando alargar la vida de su línea 8 bits con un 16 bits compatible (después de otro intento con el malogrado Apple III). Afortunadamente para Apple, tenían más recursos y capacidad de ejecución y no les pasó como a Commodore…

Anyway. Volviendo a lo nuestro… la velocidad del periodismo tecnológico, para bien y para mal, era muy diferente hace cuarenta años: el Amiga había sido portada… en agosto ¡del año anterior! (Y, como podéis ver siguiendo la etiqueta Byte del blog, había ido apareciendo número sí, número también, desde entonces.) En este mismo número, incluso, había un artículo sobre el sonido del Amiga. Pero es ahora cuando lo revisan a fondo:

The Commodore Amiga

by Tom Thompson


The strong point of this well-designed machine is spectacular graphics

The Amiga from Commodore International is a business machine, a graphics workstation, a multitasking system, and a home computer. A bold statement, but the Amiga has a unique hardware design that gives it sufficient power, especially when combined with some pricey peripherals and improved software, to meet most of these expectations.

Hardware

The basic Amiga comes with 2 56K bytes of RAM, and you can upgrade to 512K bytes easily with a 256K-byte RAM expansion cartridge that plugs into a slot behind a front panel. A built-in 3 1/2 inch double-sided disk drive holds 880K bytes, and the machine has a connector for an external drive. The Amiga can support three additional drives— either double-sided 3 '/2-inch or double-sided 5 1/4-inch. The system has programmable serial and parallel ports. Two RCA jacks provide stereo audio output. The two joystick ports can be used to connect a two button optomechanical mouse.

The Amiga provides analog and digital RGB output for color monitors and a composite video output that can input directly into a VCR or color monitor. The Amiga also has an RF modulator port for TV outputs, but you need an external RF adapter unit for this type of use. On the right side of the machine, a panel covers the expansion bus interface, a card edge into which you can attach additional memory or special peripherals. An important feature of the hardware is that you can synchronize the display to an external television signal, allowing the possibility of receiving, viewing, and processing VCR or video camera input.

The Amiga uses a Motorola 68000 microprocessor chip running at 7.16 megahertz. Three custom chips handle the bulk of the display control, sound generation, and DMA (direct memory access) data transfers (see "The Amiga's Custom Graphics Chips" by Phillip Robinson, November 1985 BYTE). You can manipulate eight reusable sprites on two playfields with priority control and collision detection. Area-fill and bit-plane copying are also supported, and four programmable audio channels are available. For additional information on the Amiga's hardware, see "The Amiga Personal Computer" by Gregg Williams, Ion Edwards, and Phillip Robinson, August 1985 BYTE.

I was disappointed to find out that the Amiga doesn't have a battery-operated clock. Such clock circuits are not difficult to build, and with 880K bytes of data per floppy disk drive, a time stamp on a file is a requirement. The clock should be standard, but you can buy peripherals that contain a clock.

Display

The Amiga display has two resolutions. Low resolution is 320 pixels per line and 200 lines per screen, with a choice of 32 colors from a palette of 4096. High resolution is 640 pixels per line for 200 lines, displaying 16 colors out of 4096. An interlace mode allows you to double the vertical resolution: 320 pixels for 400 lines in low resolution and 640 pixels for 400 lines in high resolution. A special mode called hold and modify (HAM) allows you to use six bit planes in a controlled manner to display the entire 4096 colors simultaneously. This last mode is perhaps the most spectacular: Digitized pictures utilizing HAM have a televisionlike quality to them due to the range and subtle shading of the colors displayed (see photo 1).

The Amiga can present text in a variety of sizes, colors, fonts, and styles. You can also present text in 60 or 80 characters per line. The system ROMs contain two default system fonts; other fonts are stored as .font...

Leer la revista te recuerda, primero, la cantidad de cosas que había que explicar en 1986 al lector incluso de nivel medio alto («You can move, resize, open, and close windows using the mouse. You use the left mouse button for operating on a window or its contents and the right mouse button to activate and make selections on the pulldown menus. It takes a little practice, but it is easy to get used to«), después, que para 1986 el sistema operativo del Amiga aún andaba en versiones tempranas y que le quedaban bastantes aspectos por limar y, finalmente, que por aquella época los ordenadores te los programabas tanto o más que usabas programas ajenos (y, por lo tanto, la disponibilidad de compiladores e intérpretes era algo de lo que hablar con un cierto detalle).

Y no os digo nada de lo que opina el crítico del «bicho»… porque apenas dice nada, y es más interesante repasar las opiniones sobre todo positivas sobre el potencial de la máquina y universalmente negativas sobre la gestión de Commodore que han ido apareciendo por aquí en los últimos meses.

El mes que viene, más (o no).

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